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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/s11162-023-09747-6/) How Does Reducing Merit-Aid Generosity and Certainty Affect College Choices? Evidence from Georgia’s HOPE Scholarship
Feb 17th 2024, 14:51

Abstract
While considerable evidence has accumulated on state-funded merit-based scholarships, research on the effects of specific scholarship design choices has been thin, perhaps in part because cross-state comparisons are difficult. As one of the only states to enact major changes in the design of its merit-based scholarship program, Georgia provides a unique opportunity to explore the effects of these design choices. Using student-level observations for all high school graduates in Georgia over 9 years from 2008 to 2016, the paper uses difference-in-differences analysis and regression-discontinuity design to estimate the effects of a reduction in the level of HOPE scholarship funding, and the start of a new full-tuition scholarship, on student enrollment in Georgia colleges and universities. We find that the highest-achieving students were more likely to attend Georgia public higher-education institutions after the scholarship changes than before. Students who qualified for partial-tuition HOPE scholarships beginning in 2011 were less likely to attend Georgia public 4-year institutions than those who received full-tuition HOPE scholarships before 2011, though their enrollment increased relative to students ineligible for any merit aid. We conclude with discussion of implications for the design of merit-based scholarship programs.
(https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11162-023-09747-6) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/s10734-024-01196-z/) How do you feel during these hard times? A longitudinal study to examine the ebb and flow of academics’ affect during a COVID-19 lockdown
Feb 17th 2024, 14:51

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences have put a lot of strain on the world’s population, including academics. Universities were closed or went online worldwide due to lockdown regulations. In Malaysia, the first strict lockdown started on March 18th 2020 and was extended until May 12th 2020. The purpose of this four-month study is to examine the hypothesized change in affective states among academics during and after the initial lockdown in this country. To explore patterns of change in both positive and negative affective states, we employed multivariate latent growth curve (LGC) modeling and analyzed data from 214 academics at three distinct time points: at the onset of the COVID-19 lockdown, at its conclusion, and two months thereafter. While we did not observe a significant linear change in affective states, the considerable variability around the means of academics’ positive and negative affective states prompted us to adopt an exploratory approach to further investigate whether four time-invariant covariates assumed to remain constant throughout the four-month study period (i.e., academic rank, disciplinary background, gender, and experience outside higher education) could account for these variations. Our results showed that academic rank significantly accounted for differences in academics’ affective states. From a practical perspective, our results suggest that policies should be revisited to increase the positive affect level as well as to minimize the negative affect level experienced by academics during any future pandemics. These policies, irrespective of academics’ disciplinary background, can be universally implemented for male and female academics or academics with and without previous work experience outside higher education. Nevertheless, the policies for high and low rank academics should be tailored to those groups.
(https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10734-024-01196-z) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/syphilis_screening_among_young_black_men_who_have-1-aspx/) Syphilis Screening Among Young Black Men Who Have Sex With Women in New Orleans, LA
Feb 17th 2024, 14:51

Background 
Current US syphilis screening focuses on men who have sex with men (MSM), because of the increased risk of infection in their sexual networks, and on pregnant people, because of complications associated with congenital syphilis. However, screening for men who have sex with women (MSW) who are at increased risk of syphilis is also recommended. Factors associated with syphilis testing and positivity were assessed among young, Black MSW.
Methods 
Data from the Check It study—a seek, test, and treat study for chlamydia in New Orleans, LA, among Black MSW aged 15 to 26 years—were used. Survey data were used to elicit self-reported syphilis testing, self-reported testing results, and sociodemographic and behavioral factors associated with these 2 outcomes.
Results 
Per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, all men in the study were recommended for syphilis screening because of their age, race, and geographic location. Of the 1458 men included, 272 (18.7%) reported ever having been syphilis tested, 267 men reported their results, and 23 (8.6%) reported testing positive. In logistic regression, older age (odds ratio [OR], 1.21 per year older; P 
(https://journals.lww.com/stdjournal/fulltext/2024/02000/syphilis_screening_among_young_black_men_who_have.1.aspx) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/s10734-024-01191-4/) Tokenized but remaining: how do international academics make sense of their decision to remain in Japanese universities?
Feb 17th 2024, 14:50

Abstract
Despite challenging and uncertain circumstances and the perception of being tokenized symbols in Japanese universities, the majority of international academics are more inclined to remain in their affiliations. The study intends to elucidate how international academics make sense of their decision to remain in Japanese universities. The data are from a qualitative dataset examining the integration experiences of international academics in Japan. Following the philosophical foundations of purposive sampling in interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), which was applied as a methodological framework, the study recruited a total of 30 participants. The study reveals varied sensemaking strategies among the interviewees, characterized as survivors, pragmatists, and ambitionists. Survivors refer to those who were compelled to remain in their current affiliations often due to constraints related to their academic roles or age restrictions. Pragmatists prioritize the practical benefits of their positions or affiliations, deriving from professional aspects, sociocultural dimensions, and personal considerations. Ambitionist academics generally view experiences in their current affiliations as a stepping stone toward future professional opportunities elsewhere. The study suggests that insufficient dedication to recruiting and retaining international academics may pose potential long-term risks for Japanese higher education institutions (HEIs) in the global academic sphere, affecting their internationally competitive standing and resilience in an evolving academic landscape. The study provides theoretical and practical implications to researchers, university administrators, and policymakers.
(https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10734-024-01191-4) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/sexually_transmitted_infection_prevention-2-aspx/) Sexually Transmitted Infection Prevention Perspectives in Black Men Who Have Sex With Men Taking Preexposure Prophylaxis in New Orleans
Feb 17th 2024, 14:50

Introduction 
Profound sexual health disparities exist for Black men who have sex with men (MSM) in the US South, including a high prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Sexually transmitted infection prevention strategies beyond condoms are needed for Black MSM taking preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP).
Methods 
We conducted in-depth interviews with Black MSM taking PrEP in New Orleans, Louisiana. Informed by the Health Belief Model, we asked about participants’ perceived susceptibility, severity, and concerns regarding STIs, and perceived benefits of STI prevention. We also asked about willingness to use various STI prevention strategies, including antibiotic prophylaxis. Interviews were audio-recorded and analyzed using applied thematic analysis.
Results 
We interviewed 24 Black MSM aged 18 to 36 years; half had a recent STI diagnosis. Most participants were concerned about receiving an STI diagnosis, noting shame or disappointment; physical effects were concerning but infrequently considered. Participants described being less likely to use condoms with routine partners or those taking PrEP. Most reported being willing to engage in each of the 6 prevention strategies discussed.
Conclusions 
Black MSM taking PrEP voiced concern about STIs, and many noted that they infrequently use condoms. They were willing to engage in methods focused on preventing STIs on an individual or population level.
(https://journals.lww.com/stdjournal/fulltext/2024/02000/sexually_transmitted_infection_prevention.2.aspx) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/identifying_the_need_for_and_availability_of-3-aspx/) Identifying the Need for and Availability of Evidence-Based Care for Sexually Transmitted Infections in Rural Primary Care Clinics
Feb 17th 2024, 14:50

Background 
Increasing rates of bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) may lead to increased HIV rates, as the STI and HIV epidemics are syndemic. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines recommend including extragenital (i.e., rectal and/or pharyngeal) STI screenings for certain populations at increased risk of STIs and concurrent infections with HIV.
Methods 
A descriptive study was conducted by interviewing staff members from 4 rural primary care clinics in areas of high need for STI and HIV services in South Carolina. Qualitative data about their clinical practices in 2021 were obtained. The primary outcome was to determine the awareness and availability of health care services associated with STI and HIV care in these locations.
Results 
Clinics in target counties provided limited STI and HIV testing and treatment services, especially for populations at risk of infection, indicating the need for additional clinical training and professional development for all clinic staff. Specifically, only 1 of 4 clinics provided extragenital STI testing, and no clinics reported prescribing preexposure prophylaxis.
Conclusions 
Rural primary care clinics can fill important gaps in the availability of STI and HIV services with appropriate support and incentives. Findings from this study may aid in facilitating policy (state Medicaid agency) and program (state health department) decisions related to STI and HIV testing and treatment.
(https://journals.lww.com/stdjournal/fulltext/2024/02000/identifying_the_need_for_and_availability_of.3.aspx) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/s10734-024-01190-5/) ‘Go away and make a big thing of yourself somewhere else’: precarious mobilities and the uses of international capital in Irish academia
Feb 17th 2024, 14:50

Abstract
The article interrogates the ‘mobility imperative’ and its impact on precarious academics. Drawing on 40 biographic interviews with academics with experience of long-term precarity in Irish higher education, and using a Bourdieusian framework, we identify the specific conditions, uses and impacts of international mobility for these workers. This method offers a unique retrospective advantage for an analysis of the utility of international capital for a cohort of workers typically excluded from studies of international mobility. Among the specific obstacles we identify which are faced by precarious academics in the accumulation and conversion of international capital are the lack of or compromised initial social capital; the dubious value of international capital in Irish academia, especially when associated with precarity; and the difficulty for workers to construct acceptable career scripts when both precarity and mobility have led them off-script. We suggest that the ability to accumulate and convert usable forms of international capital while working abroad is in part predetermined by prior struggles in the national field.
(https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10734-024-01190-5) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/effects_of_rurality_on_distance_and_time_traveled-4-aspx/) Effects of Rurality on Distance and Time Traveled to Receive Vaccination Against Mpox—New Mexico and Idaho 2022–2023
Feb 17th 2024, 14:50

We compared mpox vaccination access between urban and rural residents who received ≥1 JYNNEOS dose using immunization data in Idaho and New Mexico. Rural residents traveled 5 times farther and 3 times longer than urban residents to receive mpox vaccination. Increasing mpox vaccine availability to health care facilities might increase uptake.
(https://journals.lww.com/stdjournal/fulltext/2024/02000/effects_of_rurality_on_distance_and_time_traveled.4.aspx) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/s10734-024-01195-0/) Linguistic and non-linguistic factors impacting EMI academic success: a longitudinal study
Feb 17th 2024, 14:50

Abstract
This study explored changes in English language proficiency and several non-linguistic factors during four years of English medium instruction (EMI) in two academic disciplines in a Turkish university setting. Moreover, it also investigated whether changes (if any) had a predictive impact on the academic success of EMI students. In addition, potential differences between disciplines were also investigated. The participants were 241 EMI students from Business Administration (n = 117) and Mechanical Engineering (n = 124) programmes. Our findings revealed that in addition to the language proficiency scores, various non-linguistic factors, including self-efficacy, ideal L2 self, motivation, self-regulation skills, and anxiety levels, changed throughout EMI education. However, only English proficiency and instrumental motivation emerged as positively significant predictors of EMI success.Our findings also revealed that the increase in participants’ intrinsic motivation scores was a significant negative predictor of EMI success. These results are discussed and implications are given regarding the impact of linguistic and non-linguistic factors in EMI contexts.
(https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10734-024-01195-0) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/illness_anxiety_disorder__psychopathology-2-aspx-2/) Illness Anxiety Disorder: Psychopathology, Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics, and Treatment
Feb 17th 2024, 14:50

Illness anxiety disorder is a primary disorder of anxiety about having or developing a serious illness. The core feature is the cycle of worry and reassurance seeking regarding health, as opposed to a focus on relief of distress caused by somatic symptoms (as in Somatic Symptom Disorder). Clinically significant health anxiety is common, with estimates ranging up to 13% in the general adult population. There are evidence-based treatments, including psychopharmacology and cognitive behavioral therapy, that can significantly alleviate symptoms. An understanding of the core psychopathology and clinical features of illness anxiety disorder is essential to fostering a working alliance with patients with health anxiety, as is the maintenance of an empathic, curious, and nonjudgmental stance toward their anxiety. Collaboration between medical providers is essential to avoid the pitfalls of excess testing and medical treatment.
(https://journals.lww.com/psychosomaticmedicine/fulltext/2019/06000/illness_anxiety_disorder__psychopathology,.2.aspx) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/s13158-023-00388-5/) Exploring if Playground Quality Predicts Head Start Preschoolers’ School Day Physical Activity
Feb 17th 2024, 14:50

Abstract
Physical activity (PA) engagement in Early Childcare and Education Centers (ECEC) supports preschoolers’ ability to meet the national physical activity guidelines. However, the influence of Head Start playground quality, as assessed by the Head Start Body Start Play Space Assessment (PSA), on Head Start preschoolers’ school day PA is under-researched. This study examined (1) the relationship between PSA quality scores and Head Start preschoolers’ school day PA engagement and (2) the association between PSA quality scores and the likelihood of preschoolers’ meeting the national PA guidelines during Head Start hours. Head Start preschoolers (N = 240, Mage = 3.9 years, 47% boys) from three centers participated in the study. Playground quality was assessed using the PSA, and preschoolers’ PA during Head Start was measured using wrist-worn GTX3 Actigraph accelerometers. Approximately, 77% of preschoolers in this sample achieved the recommended amount of PA per hour (15 min), over 90% accumulated 60 min of MVPA, and half surpassed 180 min of total PA during Head Start hours, and preschoolers’ PA engagement differed based on child sex and Head Start center attended. PSA playground quality scores were not significantly related to the amount or intensity of preschoolers’ PA engagement or the likelihood of meeting the national PA guidelines during Head Start. However, our findings revealed unique PA patterns among Head Start boys’ and girls’ PA that should be probed in the future studies using the PSA.
(https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13158-023-00388-5) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/the_effects_of_dietary_improvement_on_symptoms_of-7-aspx-2/) The Effects of Dietary Improvement on Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Feb 17th 2024, 14:50

Objective 
Poor diet can be detrimental to mental health. However, the overall evidence for the effects of dietary interventions on mood and mental well-being has yet to be assessed. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis examining effects of dietary interventions on symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Methods 
Major electronic databases were searched through March 2018 for all randomized controlled trials of dietary interventions reporting changes in symptoms of depression and/or anxiety in clinical and nonclinical populations. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to determine effect sizes (Hedges’ g with 95% confidence intervals [CI]) for dietary interventions compared with control conditions. Potential sources of heterogeneity were explored using subgroups and meta-regression analyses.
Results 
Sixteen eligible randomized controlled trials (published in English)  with outcome data for 45,826 participants were included; the majority of which examined samples with nonclinical depression (n = 15 studies). Nonetheless, dietary interventions significantly reduced depressive symptoms (g = 0.275, 95% CI = 0.10 to 0.45, p = .002). Similar effects were observed among high-quality trials (g = 0.321, 95% CI = 0.12 to 0.53, p = .002) and when compared with both inactive (g = 0.308, 95% CI = 0.02 to 0.60, p = .038) and active controls (g = 0.174, 95% CI = 0.01 to 0.34, p = .035). No effect of dietary interventions was observed for anxiety (k = 11, n = 2270, g = 0.100, 95% CI = −0.04 to 0.24, p = .148). Studies with female samples observed significantly greater benefits from dietary interventions, for symptoms of both depression and anxiety.
Conclusions 
Dietary interventions hold promise as a novel intervention for reducing symptoms of depression across the population. Future research is required to determine the specific components of dietary interventions that improve mental health, explore underlying mechanisms, and establish effective schemes for delivering these interventions in clinical and public health settings.
Registration 
PROSPERO Online Protocol: CRD42018091256.
(https://journals.lww.com/psychosomaticmedicine/fulltext/2019/04000/the_effects_of_dietary_improvement_on_symptoms_of.7.aspx) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/s13158-023-00386-7/) Technology-Based Assessment of Phonological Awareness in Kindergarten
Feb 17th 2024, 14:50

Abstract
Previous research has shown that phonological awareness is one of the most important prerequisites for early reading. Monitoring its development requires reliable, easy-to-use instruments especially in the last years of kindergarten. The present study aims to explore the potential for assessing phonological awareness and some of its subskills through online testing. Participants of the study were 317 kindergarteners (Mage = 6.61, SD = .54 years). The instruments developed for this study within an online assessment platform in two assessment dimensions (syllable and phoneme awareness) contain nine subtests (syllable synthesis, segmentation, deletion; phoneme identification in different sound environments, identification of phoneme position, identification of initial phonemes, phoneme synthesis and segmentation). The results of the study show that: (1) the test is a reliable assessment tool for kindergarteners’ phonological awareness skills; (2) according to the underlying measurement model of phonological awareness, the tasks are separated based on particular operational components independently of the size of the language element involved; (3) segmentation tasks proved to be the most difficult parts of the test; and (4) the media effect is insignificant. The online test aims to emphasize the importance of online testing and the inseparable relationship between measuring and developing phonological awareness, prompting teachers to rethink their teaching methods. It also introduces a new tool for educators to use, tailored to children’s needs but potentially challenging for teachers with lower ICT literacy, requiring methodological support, ultimately providing a new opportunity for kindergartens.
(https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13158-023-00386-7) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/equitable_access_to_rsv_prevention__challenges_and-1-aspx/) Equitable Access to RSV Prevention: Challenges and Opportunities With Nirsevimab’s Rollout
Feb 17th 2024, 14:50

No abstract available
(https://journals.lww.com/jphmp/fulltext/2024/03000/equitable_access_to_rsv_prevention__challenges_and.1.aspx) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/implications_of_the_covid_19_pandemic_on_iis-2-aspx/) Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic on IIS Operations, Performance, and Future Readiness: Not the New Normal
Feb 17th 2024, 14:50

No abstract available
(https://journals.lww.com/jphmp/fulltext/2024/03000/implications_of_the_covid_19_pandemic_on_iis.2.aspx) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/s10833-022-09474-2/) Struggle as a precondition for changes in educational policy: A Bourdieusian text analysis of a conflict between legislators and the Danish teachers’ union
Feb 17th 2024, 14:50

Abstract
This article analyses the introduction of a mandatory learning management system (LMS) in Danish primary and lower secondary education. By thinking with Bourdieu’s concepts of field, capital and habitus, the study analyses key policy texts to identify the embedded logics that structure the field of education, reflecting relationships of domination and struggle and explores how these logics and conflicts influence process of policy change. A historical analysis of the conflict between legislators and the Teachers’ Union (TU) in Denmark is conducted based on 21 policy texts published between 2005 and 2020. The findings indicate that human capital is the predominant logic structuring the field of education. Legislators use the logics of other fields such as economics to support this predominance. Moreover, the findings suggest that changes in educational policy are the result of a protracted struggle between legislators and the TU, with legislators making ongoing adjustments to policies based on pressure from the TU. These modifications can be seen as a political concession.
(https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10833-022-09474-2) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/a_qualitative_analysis_of_low_income_pregnant_and-3-aspx/) A Qualitative Analysis of Low-Income Pregnant and Parenting Caregivers’ Experiences With Home Visiting in California During the First 2 Years of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Feb 17th 2024, 14:49

Context: 
In-person home visiting programs that provide evidence-based parenting and child development support improve outcomes for low-income children and families. The COVID-19 pandemic led to a shift from primarily in-person to virtual home visiting services, and little is known about clients’ experience of home visiting in this context.
Objective: 
To describe the experience of clients in the California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids (CalWORKs) Home Visiting Program (HVP) across California during the first 2 years of the pandemic.
Design: 
Three repeated cross-sectional surveys over a 2-year period. Clients’ free-text responses to open-ended questions were analyzed using a directed content analysis approach.
Setting: 
Forty-one counties in California.
Participants: 
Current CalWORKs HVP clients and those who left the program in the 6 months prior to each survey.
Main Outcome Measures: 
Clients’ experience of the CalWORKs HVP.
Results: 
Five main themes emerged: (1) benefits received from the program; (2) life challenges; (3) COVID-19–related or other program changes; (4) client dissatisfaction and suggestions for improvement; and (5) appreciation for the program. Clients valued the practical, financial, parenting, and interpersonal support provided to themselves and their children. Almost three-quarters commented on life challenges experienced during the program. Significant programmatic changes related to COVID-19 pandemic public health safety and organizational constraints impacted clients both positively and negatively. Very few clients experienced overt dissatisfaction with the program. Many clients expressed appreciation for the program, particularly the individualized and relational support offered by a consistent home visitor.
Conclusions: 
The findings provide insights into the benefits and challenges experienced by clients receiving evidence-based home visiting services. The findings highlight the ongoing life challenges faced by clients who experience poverty, and how those challenges were exacerbated by a global pandemic. The CalWORKs HVP may buffer the substantial personal stresses clients experience related to parenting in the context of poverty and major public health challenges.
(https://journals.lww.com/jphmp/fulltext/2024/03000/a_qualitative_analysis_of_low_income_pregnant_and.3.aspx) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/s10755-024-09697-6/) Developing Relational Leaders Through Sorority Engagement: A Quantitative Approach
Feb 17th 2024, 14:49

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to understand what personal, environmental, and experiential aspects of undergraduate sorority engagement promote relational leadership development. A robust literature review and theories of relational leadership developed for application within the collegiate context provided the foundation for this inquiry. Through use of multilevel modeling, we analyzed a sample of 8,435 undergraduate National Panhellenic Conference sorority women from 172 institutions located within the United States. Results demonstrated the substantial importance of supportive sisterhood at both the individual and group level and showcased how variations in perceptions of sisterhood (e.g., accountability), student involvement (e.g., additional activities), and background characteristics (e.g., SES) affected undergraduate sorority members’ relational leadership development. We close by discussing our findings and offering implications for future practice and research.
(https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10755-024-09697-6) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/using_public_health_detailing_to_increase_access-4-aspx/) Using Public Health Detailing to Increase Access and Confidence in COVID-19 Vaccines and Reinvest in Disproportionately Impacted NYC Communities
Feb 17th 2024, 14:49

Context: 
COVID-19 vaccination rates in New York City (NYC) began to plateau in the spring of 2021, with unacceptable inequities in vaccination rates based on race.
Program: 
To address racial inequities in vaccination rates and COVID-19 health outcomes, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene adapted a preexisting provider outreach and education program for public health emergency use with the goals of community reinvestment and increasing patient confidence and access to the COVID-19 vaccines. The Vaccine Public Health Detailing (VPHD) program was delivered as part of a larger community outreach initiative and brought timely updates, materials, and access to technical assistance to primary care providers and staff in NYC neighborhoods experiencing COVID-19 health inequities. Outreach representatives also collected feedback from providers on resource needs to inform the agency’s response.
Implementation: 
Sixteen outreach representatives were rapidly trained on COVID-19–related content and strategic communication techniques and launched a 3-wave campaign across targeted neighborhoods throughout NYC. The campaign ran from May 2021 to March 2022 and was conducted in coordination with other community engagement initiatives aimed at the general public to promote greater collective impact.
Evaluation: 
In total, 2873 detailing sessions were conducted with 2027 unique providers at 1281 sites. Outreach representatives successfully completed visits at more than 85% of practices that were in scope and operating. Approximately 20% (285) of the sites requested a referral for technical assistance to become a COVID-19 vaccination site or enroll in the Citywide Immunization Registry. Qualitative information shared by providers offered a more in-depth understanding of vaccine-related sentiments and challenges faced by providers on the ground.
Discussion: 
VPHD is an effective method for supporting community providers, gathering feedback on resource needs and practice challenges, and increasing health systems efficacy during a public health emergency while also prioritizing racial equity and community reinvestment.
(https://journals.lww.com/jphmp/fulltext/2024/03000/using_public_health_detailing_to_increase_access.4.aspx) Read the full article ›
The post (https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/using_public_health_detailing_to_increase_access-4-aspx/) Using Public Health Detailing to Increase Access and Confidence in COVID-19 Vaccines and Reinvest in Disproportionately Impacted NYC Communities was curated by (https://ifp.nyu.edu) information for practice.

(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/s10755-024-09699-4/) Models of Building a Faculty: Institutional Transformation and the Disruption of the Professoriate in Public Higher Education
Feb 17th 2024, 14:49

Abstract
This article explores patterns in the US professoriate and the relationship to institutional wealth and status in public higher education, 2012–2021. We use latent profile analysis to identify different models for building a faculty and multinomial logistic regression to describe the characteristics of institutions employing these models. The results describe the human toll of the financial disruptions facing American public higher education. The findings suggest that changes to the faculty have been widespread but uneven.
(https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10755-024-09699-4) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/introducing_the_staff_administered_meal-1-aspx/) Introducing the Staff-Administered Meal Independence Rating Scale for Use Among Patients With Serious Mental Illnesses
Feb 17th 2024, 14:49

For individuals living with serious mental illnesses (SMIs), inadequate meal preparation skills can hinder the ability to live independently; yet rating scales tailored for this population are lacking. We describe development, item analysis, and initial reliability and validity of the Staff-Administered Meal Independence Rating Scale (SAMIRS). After item development involving expert consultation, two rounds of pilot testing (n = 188, n = 293) were conducted in inpatient and residential settings (transitional living residences [TLRs] and community residences [CRs]). For initial testing of convergent validity, Pearson correlations with Specific Levels of Functioning (SLOF) scale items were computed. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a single factor; Cronbach’s alpha was high (0.98). The mean SAMIRS score varied by setting: CR residents scored higher than those in TLRs or inpatient units. Scores were highly correlated with SLOF items measuring community living skills. Although further study is warranted, the SAMIRS could be a useful tool in rating functional needs pertaining to meal independence among individuals with SMI.
(https://journals.lww.com/jonmd/fulltext/2024/02000/introducing_the_staff_administered_meal.1.aspx) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/s10755-023-09690-5/) Associations of Intrinsic Motivation and External Pressures with Engaged Learning Pedagogies by Faculty Teaching Capstone Experiences: A Mixed Methods Approach
Feb 17th 2024, 14:49

Abstract
Capstone experiences (CEs) are established high impact practices (HIPs) designed so students can synthesize their knowledge and skills obtained across their academic training. Understanding how instructors’ intrinsic motivation and external expectations influence the design of CEs can help institutions create resources to support instructors when developing and teaching CEs. We aimed to determine whether different levels of intrinsic motivation were associated with: (1) demographics of faculty teaching CEs, (2) structure of CEs, (3) pedagogy or assignments used by faculty teaching CEs, and (4) use of resources and/or perceived resource effectiveness available to faculty teaching CEs. We used a fixed convergent mixed methods approach in which quantitative and qualitative research questions were distributed via survey and interviews, respectively. Data were collected and analyzed independently. Analyzed data were merged to compare and interpret qualitative and quantitative results pertaining to faculty perceptions of motivation related to teaching CEs. Instructors who develop and teach CEs are highly intrinsically motivated. The quantitative and qualitative data reveal the instructors’ perceptions of value of and their interest in the CE were the most common intrinsic motivators. The participants with the highest levels of intrinsic motivation used more evidence-based pedagogical approaches, reported higher colleague recognition, and reported access to more teaching resources. Understanding the factors that promote motivation to develop and teach CEs is imperative to support instructor and student success when engaging in this type of HIP.
(https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10755-023-09690-5) Read the full article ›
The post (https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/s10755-023-09690-5/) Associations of Intrinsic Motivation and External Pressures with Engaged Learning Pedagogies by Faculty Teaching Capstone Experiences: A Mixed Methods Approach was curated by (https://ifp.nyu.edu) information for practice.

(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/the_mediating_effects_of_perceived_family_support-2-aspx/) The Mediating Effects of Perceived Family Support in the Relationship Between Anxiety and Problematic Smartphone Use: A Cross-Cultural Validation
Feb 17th 2024, 14:49

Problematic smartphone use (PSU) is frequently considered a public health issue, especially in East Asia and Europe. Yet, there is a paucity of research focusing on cultural and familial determinants of PSU. This cross-cultural study aimed to investigate smartphone usage patterns and possible mediating effects of perceived family support (PFS) from a stress-coping perspective. Convenience samples of 790 Chinese and 439 Belgian undergraduates completed an online survey that focused on sociodemographics and psychological variables (i.e., anxiety, depression, PFS, and PSU). In both samples, PSU was positively associated with anxiety and depression, and negatively associated with PFS. However, after controlling for sex and age in structural equation models, the consistent mediating effects of PFS were only found between anxiety and PSU in both cultural settings. These findings suggest that psychological interventions that take into account familial factors could be helpful for young people presenting with anxiety and PSU.
(https://journals.lww.com/jonmd/fulltext/2024/02000/the_mediating_effects_of_perceived_family_support.2.aspx) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/s10755-023-09696-z/) Teaching About and Through Human-Centered Design in Higher Education Classrooms: Exploring Instructors’ Experiences
Feb 17th 2024, 14:49

Abstract
In higher education settings, instructors play a critical role in integrating Human-Centered Design (HCD) in existing and new courses. This study explores how instructors teach about and through HCD in higher education settings and what challenges they encounter as they do so. Participants were four faculty members and four graduate teaching assistants from four different courses. The participants were interviewed after their course ended for the semester. A phronetic iterative analysis approach was used to analyze the transcribed interview data. Findings indicated that when teaching about and through HCD, instructors intentionally and purposefully plan to integrate HCD, implement targeted instructional strategies to scaffold students’ learning of disciplinary content and HCD concepts, provide multiple forms of assessment and feedback, and facilitate collaboration between students, peers, and classroom visitors for deeper engagement in learning. Nevertheless, teaching about and through HCD is challenging and requires further specific teaching competencies that can empower instructors to integrate HCD in their courses.
(https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10755-023-09696-z) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/a_moderation_model_for_bolstering_resilience_to-3-aspx/) A Moderation Model for Bolstering Resilience to Suicidal Psychopathology: Positive Sociopsychological Constructs and Coping Flexibilities Buffering the Impact of Daily Life Stress Among Medical Students
Feb 17th 2024, 14:49

Positive sociopsychological constructs and coping flexibility may be helpful for alleviating suicidal psychopathology, although relatively little research has examined this possibility among medical students. This survey aimed to investigate whether positive sociopsychological constructs and coping flexibility could buffer the negative impact of daily life stress and bolster the resilience to suicidal ideations and attempts among medical students. This cross-sectional model was based on a study of 787 Indian medical students (725 women and 62 men; mean age, 21.08 years; SD = 2.78; range, 19–37 years) who were asked to complete a battery of self-administered questionnaires. For the purpose of determining the independent and interaction impacts of potential variables of influence, hierarchical multiple linear regression models were used. The moderation analysis investigated that the association between daily life stress and suicidal ideation was buffered among the students having higher levels of positive mental health and coping flexibility, whereas this association was no longer significant at the highest level of positive mental health. Furthermore, the relationship between daily life stress and suicidal attempts continued to be buffered by above-average levels of coping flexibility, emotional stability (ES), and optimism. These findings represent that promoting positive mental health, coping flexibility, ES, and optimism may be a promising approach to mitigate suicidal thoughts and attempts in interventions for medical students at high risk. These modifiable moderating factors can be enhanced by empirically supported treatment and prevention efforts to bolster suicidal resilience.
(https://journals.lww.com/jonmd/fulltext/2024/02000/a_moderation_model_for_bolstering_resilience_to.3.aspx) Read the full article ›
The post (https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/a_moderation_model_for_bolstering_resilience_to-3-aspx/) A Moderation Model for Bolstering Resilience to Suicidal Psychopathology: Positive Sociopsychological Constructs and Coping Flexibilities Buffering the Impact of Daily Life Stress Among Medical Students was curated by (https://ifp.nyu.edu) information for practice.

(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/s10805-024-09502-1/) Students’ Online Cheating Reasons and Strategies: EFL Teachers’ Strategies to Abolish Cheating in Online Examinations
Feb 17th 2024, 14:49

Abstract
The current study aimed to explore effective strategies for preventing cheating in online examinations by surveying students to determine their cheating strategies. A total of 406 Iranian students at BA, MA, and PhD levels in four programs, including English language teaching, English literature, Linguistics, and English language translation, participated in this study using a convenient sampling technique. The sample was drawn from 83 universities across all 31 provinces of Iran. The researchers developed a 30-item questionnaire and a 4-item interview to collect data. The results revealed that searching in PDFs and using social media groups were the most commonly used cheating strategies. To prevent this form of academic dishonesty, teachers used various strategies, the most effective being the use of conceptual questions and one-by-one oral exams with turned-on webcams. The main reason for students to cheat was their desire to perform better. The implications of this study are relevant for educational stakeholders, particularly teachers, and students, in promoting academic integrity.

(https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10805-024-09502-1) Read the full article ›
The post (https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/s10805-024-09502-1/) Students’ Online Cheating Reasons and Strategies: EFL Teachers’ Strategies to Abolish Cheating in Online Examinations was curated by (https://ifp.nyu.edu) information for practice.

(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/understanding_the_impact_of_deviant_peer-4-aspx/) Understanding the Impact of Deviant Peer Association on Dual Systems Model Development: Testing the Moderating Role of ADHD
Feb 17th 2024, 14:49

Recent research has indicated that deviant peers may play a role in cognitive development. This is particularly the case for the dual systems model, a key framework for understanding engagement in antisocial behavior during adolescence and emerging adulthood. However, limited research has examined how preexisting mental health concerns may moderate these relationships. This study used the Pathways to Desistance data to examine attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as a moderator of the relationships between deviant peer association and dual systems model constructs. Generalized estimating equations were used to test these relationships. Results indicated that deviant peer association and the presence of ADHD both predicted increased sensation-seeking and lower impulse control. ADHD significantly moderated the relationship between deviant peer association and impulse control, indicating a weaker impact of deviant peer association on impulse control among participants with ADHD. No significant interaction was observed for the relationship between deviant peer association and sensation-seeking.
(https://journals.lww.com/jonmd/fulltext/2024/02000/understanding_the_impact_of_deviant_peer.4.aspx) Read the full article ›
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/s10805-024-09510-1/) Academic Integrity Strategies: Student Insights
Feb 17th 2024, 14:48

Abstract
This paper reports the key findings from two student surveys undertaken at our institution in the academic years 2020-21 and 2021-22. The research was based on the Bretag et al. (2018) student survey undertaken in various Australian universities. After discussions with both Bretag and Harper, we adapted the questions to our context – a Russell Group university in the UK – but included similar questions to enable a comparison, and to find out if there were common themes. The main aim of the surveys was to understand our students’ awareness of what is meant by the term ‘academic integrity’, defined as ‘being honest in your work, acknowledging the work of others and giving credit where you have used other people’s ideas/data’ https://secretariat.leeds.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/sites/109/2022/12/academic_integrity.pdf. The responses provided an important insight into student attitudes to academic integrity, their understanding of academic malpractice, and their awareness of the penalties if found to have plagiarised, and if found guilty of contract cheating (Medway et al., 2018; Morris, 2018; Harper et al., 2019). The surveys also identified what students would find useful in developing their understanding of academic integrity, and this underlines the importance of consulting our students. Key findings include gaps in the information provided to students, the need for regular and timely reminders of the principles of academic integrity, and the need for guidance to be written using student-friendly language. The findings informed our recommendations in terms of teaching and learning at School/Faculty level and to policy at University level, to further support student success. In the context of the key issues raised by the Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education (QAA) Academic Integrity Charter (2020), we discuss examples of best practice currently undertaken at the University of Leeds, on-going discussions regarding developments, and our recommendations for further embedding a culture of academic integrity. We argue that all students should have the same baseline experience and therefore promoting this ethos is the responsibility of all staff who teach and support students.
(https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10805-024-09510-1) Read the full article ›
The post (https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/s10805-024-09510-1/) Academic Integrity Strategies: Student Insights was curated by (https://ifp.nyu.edu) information for practice.

(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/research_priorities_to_improve_treatment_of-1-aspx/) Research Priorities to Improve Treatment of Patients Exposed to Xylazine-fentanyl: Rapid Communication from a National Institute on Drug Abuse Center for the Clinical Trials Network Meeting
Feb 17th 2024, 14:48

In response to the rapid escalation in the detection of xylazine in the unregulated drug supply, in April 2023, the White House designated fentanyl contaminated with xylazine an “emerging threat.” The National Institute on Drug Abuse Center for Clinical Trials Network convened a multidisciplinary meeting of stakeholders, federal staff members, researchers, and clinicians caring for patients with fentanyl and xylazine exposures. This convening focused on the most critical areas of concern with the goal of describing current practices and a xylazine-fentanyl research agenda. Discussions focused on the domains of epidemiology and laboratory detection, xylazine withdrawal and overdose, and dermal manifestations. The authors were involved in planning and moderating the program and providing a summary of the proceedings.
(https://journals.lww.com/journaladdictionmedicine/fulltext/2024/01000/research_priorities_to_improve_treatment_of.1.aspx) Read the full article ›
The post (https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/research_priorities_to_improve_treatment_of-1-aspx/) Research Priorities to Improve Treatment of Patients Exposed to Xylazine-fentanyl: Rapid Communication from a National Institute on Drug Abuse Center for the Clinical Trials Network Meeting was curated by (https://ifp.nyu.edu) information for practice.

(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/s10805-024-09504-z/) Ethics and Integrity in Research: Why Bridging the Gap Between Ethics and Integrity Matters
Feb 17th 2024, 14:48

Abstract
Ethics and integrity should be intertwined within the concept of Responsible Research. Integrity Officers should also be Ethics Officers, enforcing compliance with rules and norms, but also raising awareness on the meaning of ethics in researchers’ daily work. Paul Ricoeur’s definition of Ethics – “the aim of living a good life with and for others in just institutions” (Ricoeur in Oneself as Another. University of Chicago Press, 1994) –, points out the relational dimension of Ethics that matters to all the stakeholders in scientific research. The dialogical interaction between Ethics and Integrity can help to prevent researchers from assuming self-regulation as the only possible path to be followed. In this paper, the challenges and the opportunities posed by this approach will be outlined and discussed, mainly, the challenges of building trust bottom up, while setting up restrictions to comply with rules and norms top down. Concerning the opportunities, the focus will be on making better science and building a solid network among the various stakeholders of the research system.
(https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10805-024-09504-z) Read the full article ›
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Forwarded by:
Michael Reeder LCPC
Baltimore, MD

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