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[Article Digests for Psychology & Social Work]

Science Daily Mind & Brain

 

(https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/06/240618115622.htm) The 'Queen of the Night' does not whistle
Jun 18th 2024, 11:56

Opera singers have to use the extreme limits of their voice range. Many pedagogical and scientific sources suggest that the highest pitches reached in classical singing can only be produced with a so-called 'whistle' voice register, in analogy to ultrasonic vocalizations of mice and rats. An international research team has now rejected this assumption. In their study, the scientists showed that the high-frequency sounds of operatic sopranos are produced with the same principle than speech and most other forms of singing.

(https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/06/240617210530.htm) At-camera gaze can increase scores in simulated interviews
Jun 17th 2024, 21:05

Eye-contact has a significant impact on interpersonal evaluation, and online job interviews are no exception. In addition to the quality of a resume, the direction of the interviewee's gaze might help (or hinder) their chances of securing the job.

(https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/06/240617173730.htm) Origins of cumulative culture in human evolution
Jun 17th 2024, 17:37

Cumulative culture -- the accumulation of technological modifications and improvements over generations -- allowed humans to adapt to a diversity of environments and challenges. But, it is unclear when cumulative culture first developed during hominin evolution. A new study concludes that humans began to rapidly accumulate technological knowledge through social learning around 600,000 years ago.

(https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/06/240617173727.htm) New technology allows researchers to precisely, flexibly modulate brain
Jun 17th 2024, 17:37

Researchers have developed a noninvasive technology combining a holographic acoustic device with genetic engineering that allows them to precisely target affected neurons in the brain, creating the potential to precisely modulate selected cell types in multiple diseased brain regions.

(https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/06/240617173717.htm) Maternal inheritance of Alzheimer's disease tied to increased risk of developing disease
Jun 17th 2024, 17:37

Researchers analyzed 4,400 cognitively unimpaired adults with amyloid imaging, finding increased amyloid in those who reported that their mothers had symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Increased amyloid, a biomarker of AD, was also found in those with a history of the disease on both sides of their family and in those whose fathers had an early onset of symptoms. The study suggests that a person's maternal versus paternal family history could have a different impact on risk of accumulating amyloid in the brain.

(https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/06/240617173657.htm) Simplicity versus adaptability: Understanding the balance between habitual and goal-directed behaviors
Jun 17th 2024, 17:36

Scientists have proposed a new AI method in which systems of habitual and goal-directed behaviors learn to help each other. Through computer simulations that mimicked the exploration of a maze, the method quickly adapts to changing environments and also reproduced the behavior of humans and animals after they had been accustomed to a certain environment for a long time. The study not only paves the way for the development of systems that adapt quickly and reliably in the burgeoning field of AI, but also provides clues to how we make decisions in the fields of neuroscience and psychology.

(https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/06/240617173639.htm) Treating the gut-brain connection with B vitamins to treat Parkinson's Disease
Jun 17th 2024, 17:36

A study has revealed a link between gut microbiota and Parkinson's disease. The researchers discovered a decrease in bacterial genes related to the synthesis of vitamins B2 and B7. The lack of these genes was associated with reduced intestinal short-chain fatty acids and polyamines, agents that maintain the intestinal barrier and prevent the leakage of toxins into the blood that can then access the brain. Using B vitamin therapy to address these deficiencies may restore the barrier and treat Parkinson's disease.

(https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/06/240617173613.htm) AI recognizes athletes' emotions
Jun 17th 2024, 17:36

Using computer-assisted neural networks, researchers have been able to accurately identify affective states from the body language of tennis players during games. For the first time, they trained a model based on artificial intelligence (AI) with data from actual games. Their study demonstrates that AI can assess body language and emotions with accuracy similar to that of humans. However, it also points to ethical concerns.

(https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/06/240617173555.htm) New study reveals urgent need for region-specific models to improve brain health in diverse settings
Jun 17th 2024, 17:35

A pioneering study has unveiled significant heterogeneity in the risk factors affecting healthy aging in Latin America and emphasized the limitations of current models of brain health, which are primarily based on data from high-income countries.

(https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/06/240617173518.htm) High use of physical restraints in home care for older adults with dementia
Jun 17th 2024, 17:35

A new study has highlighted the widespread use of physical restraints among caregivers of older adults with advanced dementia living at home, revealing a need for better guidance and alternative care approaches.

(https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/06/240617173427.htm) Breakthrough approach enables bidirectional BCI functionality
Jun 17th 2024, 17:34

Brain-computer interfaces or BCIs hold immense potential for individuals with a wide range of neurological conditions, but the road to implementation is long and nuanced for both the invasive and noninvasive versions of the technology. Scientists have now successfully integrated a novel focused ultrasound stimulation to realize bidirectional BCI that both encodes and decodes brain waves using machine learning in a study with 25 human subjects. This work opens up a new avenue to significantly enhance not only the signal quality, but also, overall nonivasive BCI performance by stimulating targeted neural circuits.

(https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/06/240617173414.htm) New study suggests cancer drug could be used to target protein connection that spurs Parkinson's disease
Jun 17th 2024, 17:34

In studies with genetically engineered mice, researchers say they have identified a potentially new biological target involving Aplp1, a cell surface protein that drives the spread of Parkinson's disease-causing alpha-synuclein.

(https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/06/240617173403.htm) A new approach to neuroimaging analysis
Jun 17th 2024, 17:34

A new method for neuroimaging analysis is shown to work with small groups of participants, opening the door for many studies that don't have access to massive sets of brain images.

Forwarded by:
Michael Reeder LCPC
Baltimore, MD

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