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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/7692984/) Ex-combatants and the Truth Commission in Colombia: An Analysis of the Participation of Former Military and Ex-guerrillas
Aug 29th 2024, 15:53

ABSTRACT∞
The Colombian Truth Commission (2018 to 2022) provides a unique opportunity to delve into the participation of ex-military personnel and former guerrillas within truth-seeking bodies. While existing literature highlights the importance of their involvement in facilitating the assumption of responsibilities, rebuilding relations with their victims and undergoing personal transformation, it tends to overlook their potential contribution to truth and memory. After conducting interviews with former Commissioners, staff, soldiers and ex-guerrillas over a two-year period, our research reveals that former fighters maintained confrontational attitudes toward their previous adversaries. They primarily focused on promoting historical memory narratives rather than making substantial contributions to uncovering the truth. Conversely, the Commission took a moral stance in supporting the victims but failed to prevent conflicting narratives from hindering the path to reconciliation. The Colombian experience underscores the need for strategies to ensure that truth-seeking and memory spaces play a constructive role postconflict, and to accommodate perpetrators’ contributions to historical clarification without condoning their actions.
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/news/the-complainant-a-historian-crafts-a-title-ix-case-against-her-abuser/) The Complainant: A Historian Crafts a Title IX Case Against Her Abuser
Aug 29th 2024, 15:02

On the morning I depart Berkeley, my friend Rose suggests I leave Daniel a letter telling him not to contact me for at least six months. I sit at her kitchen table, choosing words to cauterize the growing rupture in my heart. I write that I will never stop loving and caring about him, but since his violence toward me will never stop, it’s better for both of us to be apart. After sealing the envelope, I block him on my phone.
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/monographs-edited-collections/clinical-manual-of-child-and-adolescent-psychopharmacology-fourth-edition-2/) Clinical Manual of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Fourth Edition
Aug 29th 2024, 13:13

The post (https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/monographs-edited-collections/clinical-manual-of-child-and-adolescent-psychopharmacology-fourth-edition-2/) Clinical Manual of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Fourth Edition was curated by (https://ifp.nyu.edu) information for practice.

(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/open-access-journal-articles/dynamic-interplay-of-developing-internalising-and-externalising-mental-health-from-early-childhood-to-mid-adolescence-teasing-apart-trait-state-and-cross-cohort-effects/) Dynamic interplay of developing internalising and externalising mental health from early childhood to mid-adolescence: Teasing apart trait, state, and cross-cohort effects
Aug 29th 2024, 12:22

The post (https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/open-access-journal-articles/dynamic-interplay-of-developing-internalising-and-externalising-mental-health-from-early-childhood-to-mid-adolescence-teasing-apart-trait-state-and-cross-cohort-effects/) Dynamic interplay of developing internalising and externalising mental health from early childhood to mid-adolescence: Teasing apart trait, state, and cross-cohort effects was curated by (https://ifp.nyu.edu) information for practice.

(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/pha0000690/) How executive functioning moderates the relation between implicit alcohol associations and heavy episodic drinking: The roles of planning and working memory.
Aug 29th 2024, 12:22

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Vol 32(4), Aug 2024, 379-385; doi:10.1037/pha0000690
Heavy episodic drinking (HED) is common among college students and poses risks for negative consequences. Evidence suggests that HED is more frequent among those with stronger implicit alcohol associations, and the impact of these implicit associations on drinking may be moderated by executive functioning. This study examined the role of two executive function components—working memory (WM) and planning—as moderators of implicit alcohol-approach associations and HED among college students who drink alcohol. One hundred forty-one participants completed measures of alcohol use, implicit alcohol-approach associations, WM, and planning. Regression analyses were conducted to examine the respective two-way and three-way interactions between implicit alcohol associations, WM, and planning on HED. Results showed that WM and planning each moderated the relation between alcohol implicit association test (IAT) and HED. IAT scores were positively associated with HED when WM and planning were low (−1 SD) but not high (+1 SD). Although results from the three-way interaction exhibited a nonsignificant trend, the pattern of results showed that the association between IAT and HED was stronger at lower levels of WM, but only when planning was also low, not high. Findings support the view that HED among college students who drink alcohol may be a function of automatic alcohol associations and that these associations may be stronger among those with lower WM and planning abilities. These results replicate and extend our understanding of how executive functioning may moderate the impact of implicit alcohol cognitions on risky drinking and suggests potential intervention targets. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/hea0001349/) Adverse childhood experiences and adult disease: Examining mediating pathways in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Sociocultural Ancillary Study.
Aug 29th 2024, 12:21

Health Psychology, Vol 43(9), Sep 2024, 627-638; doi:10.1037/hea0001349
Objectives: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been linked to adulthood chronic diseases, but there is little research examining the mechanisms underlying this association. We tested pathways from ACEs to adult disease mediated via risk factors of depression, smoking, and body mass index. Method: Prospective data from adults 18 to 74 years old from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos and Sociocultural Ancillary Study were used. Retrospectively reported ACEs and hypothesized mediators were measured at Visit 1 (2008–2011). Outcomes of disease prevalence were assessed at Visit 2, approximately 6 years later. The analytic sample includes 5,230 Hispanic/Latino participants with ACE data. Statistical mediation was examined using structural equation modeling on cardiometabolic and pulmonary disease prevalence and reported probit regression coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: We found a significant association between ACEs and the prevalence of asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (standardized β = .07, 95% CI [0.02, 0.12]). In the mediational model, the direct association was nonsignificant (β = .02, 95% CI [−0.04, 0.07]) but was mediated by depressive symptoms (β = .03, 95% CI [0.02, 0.04]). There were no associations between ACEs and the prevalence of diabetes and self-reported coronary heart disease or cerebrovascular disease. However, a small indirect effect was identified via depressive symptoms and coronary heart disease (β = .02, 95% CI [0.01, 0.03]). Conclusion: In this diverse Hispanic/Latino sample, depressive symptoms were found to be a pathway linking ACEs to self-reported cardiopulmonary diseases, although the effects were of small magnitude. Future work should replicate pathways, confirm the magnitude of effects, and examine cultural moderators that may dampen expected associations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/hea0001379/) Are there place-based disparities in mortality risk? Findings from two longitudinal studies.
Aug 29th 2024, 12:21

Health Psychology, Vol 43(9), Sep 2024, 639-649; doi:10.1037/hea0001379
Objective: Most work on place-based (e.g., rural–urban) health disparities has been conducted with population-level data, which is limited in its capacity for causal inferences about individuals and lifespan health. The present study leverages individual-level longitudinal data, spanning up to 29 years, to understand how rurality–urbanicity predicts risk for all-cause mortality; whether these associations hold above and beyond socioeconomic status (SES); and whether the association between rurality–urbanicity and mortality risk varies by sex, SES, race, ethnicity, and partner status. Method: The present preregistered study uses data from two large longitudinal studies of U.S. Americans (Health and Retirement Study and Midlife in the United States; total N = ∼55,000), who reported on their sociodemographic characteristics, had their addresses linked to geographical indicators (i.e., rural–urban continuum codes), and have data from the National Death Index regarding the vital status and survival time. Results: Using Cox proportional hazards regression models, findings showed that suburban and rural residents were at a 12% and 18% greater risk for earlier mortality compared to urban residents in Health and Retirement Study, but the associations between rurality–urbanicity and mortality risk were nonsignificant in Midlife in the United States. The longitudinal associations between rurality–urbanicity and mortality risk were largely independent of SES. Finally, there was only one statistically significant interaction effect, suggesting the strength and direction of the association between rurality–urbanicity and mortality risk was largely the same across sociodemographic subgroups. Conclusions: There is tentative evidence suggesting that rurality–urbanicity is an important social determinant of longevity, over and above other sociodemographic factors. Future studies should explore how to promote longer and healthier lives among rural residents. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/hea0001373/) Be present now, sleep well later: Mindfulness promotes sleep health via emotion regulation.
Aug 29th 2024, 12:20

Health Psychology, Vol 43(9), Sep 2024, 650-662; doi:10.1037/hea0001373
Objective: Despite the popularity of mindfulness in research and interventions, information is missing about how and why mindfulness may benefit employee sleep health. Drawing from emotion regulation theory, we evaluate affective rumination, negative affect, and positive affect as potential mechanisms. We also explore differential effects of trait and state attentional mindfulness on both subjective (e.g., quality and sufficiency) and actigraphy-measured aspects (e.g., duration and wake after sleep onset) of sleep health. Method: Ecological momentary assessment and sleep actigraphy data were collected across two independent samples of health care workers (N1 = 60, N2 = 84). Ecological momentary assessment was also used to collect daily information on state mindfulness, affect, and rumination. Results: Our results support rumination and, to a less consistent extent, negative affect as mediators of the association between mindfulness and sleep health but not positive affect. Trait and state mindfulness demonstrate comparable benefits for employee sleep health, but these benefits largely emerge for subjective sleep dimensions than actigraphy-measured. Conclusions: These findings support emotion regulation as a sound theoretical framework for sleep and mindfulness research and may support more informed workplace mindfulness interventions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/hea0001390/) Predictors of serostatus nondisclosure in mothers living with human immunodeficiency virus receiving a disclosure intervention: Analysis of a randomized clinical trial intervention arm.
Aug 29th 2024, 12:20

Health Psychology, Vol 43(9), Sep 2024, 663-672; doi:10.1037/hea0001390
Objective: The current study applied survival analysis to examine factors associated with nondisclosure of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) serostatus among mothers living with HIV (MLH) who had participated in a cognitive-behavioral intervention to disclose their HIV status to their children. Method: Data were utilized from MLH in the intervention arm of the teaching, raising, and communicating with kids (TRACK; Schulte et al., 2021) trial focusing on serostatus disclosure/nondisclosure across four time points (baseline, 3, 9, and 15 months). MLH (Mage = 39.4) resided in California or Georgia and identified as Latina (33%), Black (54%), White (5%), or multiracial (8%). Physical, mental health, and psychosocial measures from the 3-month assessment were used to predict nondisclosure applying Cox regression survival analysis. Results: Nondisclosure was associated with MLH reporting better physical and mental health, less conflict with their child, better cohesion within their families, and less perceived stigma. MLH reporting better physical functioning were 58% less likely to disclose compared to those reporting physical limitations (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.42). Those reporting lower levels of disclosure self-efficacy were 59% less likely to disclose than those reporting higher levels (HR = 2.47); by 67 weeks into the study, the nondisclosure rate was 56% for those reporting lower self-efficacy compared to 24% for those reporting higher self-efficacy. Conclusions: Addressing the inclination not to disclose when the MLH is feeling healthy may be an aspect to incorporate into future interventions. Furthermore, improving disclosure self-efficacy to a high level appears to be a critical component to intervention success. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/emo0001349/) Is it better to be happy or right? Examining the relative role of the pragmatic and epistemic imperatives in momentary affective evaluations.
Aug 29th 2024, 12:20

Emotion, Vol 24(6), Sep 2024, 1343-1357; doi:10.1037/emo0001349
According to research highlighting the importance of predictions, the confirmation of expectations may be a positively-laden experience. A strong test of this principle is the case of the “doomsayer’s delight”: the possibility that belief confirmation can be rewarding even when negative expectations are realized. In order to investigate this idea, we conducted two high-powered experiments examining people’s immediate affective reactions following exposure to expected or unexpected positive and negative stimuli. The results show that people feel significantly worse when their pessimistic expectations are confirmed than when their optimistic expectations are violated. This finding was not moderated by several theoretically relevant individual difference measures or temporal dynamics. Findings from this study contribute to our understanding of the interplay between epistemic and pragmatic motivations in guiding emotional responses. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/emo0001353/) The relative difficulty of resolving motivational conflicts is affective context-dependent.
Aug 29th 2024, 12:20

Emotion, Vol 24(6), Sep 2024, 1358-1375; doi:10.1037/emo0001353
According to Lewin’s seminal motivational theory, conflicts between undesirable alternatives (avoidance–avoidance conflicts) are more difficult to resolve than conflicts between desirable alternatives (approach–approach conflicts). This difference in the difficulty of resolving approach–approach and avoidance–avoidance conflicts was suggested as a general law for human behavior, and subsequent research provided robust evidence to support it. Here we challenge this assertion. We argue that the difference in conflict resolution difficulty depends on the compatibility between the type of conflict (approach–approach vs. avoidance–avoidance) and the affective context (positive vs. negative) in which the conflict is being resolved. We report five studies. Data were collected from 2019 to 2021. In Studies 1–4, we presented participants with both conflict types, embedded in either a positive or a negative affective context. Across different designs and stimuli, and for both experienced difficulty and decision time, we found that in a positive affective context, avoidance–avoidance conflicts were more difficult to resolve than approach–approach conflicts; however, in a negative affective context, no difference between the conflict types was found. In Study 5, we added a neutral control condition to relate our findings to previous research, which did not manipulate the affective context. Taken together, our findings challenge a seminal motivational theory and show that choosing the lesser of two evils is not always more difficult than choosing the greater of two goods. Instead, the difference in conflict resolution difficulty depends on the affective context in which the choice is being made. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/emo0001361/) Inhibiting orofacial mimicry affects authenticity perception in vocal emotions.
Aug 29th 2024, 12:20

Emotion, Vol 24(6), Sep 2024, 1376-1385; doi:10.1037/emo0001361
Although emotional mimicry is ubiquitous in social interactions, its mechanisms and roles remain disputed. A prevalent view is that imitating others’ expressions facilitates emotional understanding, but the evidence is mixed and almost entirely based on facial emotions. In a preregistered study, we asked whether inhibiting orofacial mimicry affects authenticity perception in vocal emotions. Participants listened to authentic and posed laughs and cries, while holding a pen between the teeth and lips to inhibit orofacial responses (n = 75), or while responding freely without a pen (n = 75). They made authenticity judgments and rated how much they felt the conveyed emotions (emotional contagion). Mimicry inhibition decreased the accuracy of authenticity perception in laughter and crying, and in posed and authentic vocalizations. It did not affect contagion ratings, however, nor performance in a cognitive control task, ruling out the effort of holding the pen as an explanation for the decrements in authenticity perception. Laughter was more contagious than crying, and authentic vocalizations were more contagious than posed ones, regardless of whether mimicry was inhibited or not. These findings confirm the role of mimicry in emotional understanding and extend it to auditory emotions. They also imply that perceived emotional contagion can be unrelated to mimicry. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/emo0001357/) Regulating emotions about secrets.
Aug 29th 2024, 12:20

Emotion, Vol 24(6), Sep 2024, 1386-1402; doi:10.1037/emo0001357
Secrecy is common and psychologically costly. Research shows that secrets have high emotional stakes, but no research has directly tested how people regulate their emotions about secrets. To fill this gap, we conducted an experimental study (Study 1), then moved to studying secrecy “in the wild” to capture regulatory processes as they unfold in everyday life (Studies 2 and 3). In Study 1 (N = 498), people reported using different strategies to regulate emotions about secrets compared to matched nonsecrets. In two daily diary studies (NStudy 2 = 174, 1,059 surveys; NStudy 3 = 240, 2,764 surveys), participants reported engaging in acceptance, distraction, and expressive suppression most—and social sharing least—to manage emotions about secrets. Moreover, in testing which kinds of secrets required most regulation, Study 3 suggested that significant, negative, controllable, and socially harmful secrets were associated with greater use of rumination, distraction, and suppression; perceived immorality of keeping secrets was associated with greater use of reappraisal; and secret discoverability did not differentially predict regulation strategies. Our findings indicate that when regulating emotions about their secrets, people appear to prioritize their intention to keep secret information hidden, despite potential well-being costs that may come with enacting this intention. Understanding the regulatory processes involved in secrecy is a foundation on which future research can build to identify ways of alleviating the burden of secrecy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/dec0000246/) Daniel Kahneman in his own words: A conversation with Craig Fox.
Aug 29th 2024, 12:19

Decision, Vol 11(3), Jul 2024, 345-354; doi:10.1037/dec0000246
This article is an annotated and edited transcript of an interview of Daniel Kahneman (1934–2024) by Craig Fox that took place at the University of California, Los Angeles, on April 30, 2004. It includes reflections on his career and his groundbreaking collaboration with Amos Tversky (1937–1996) on heuristics and biases and prospect theory, among other research topics. Kahneman also discussed his reaction to being awarded the Nobel Prize, his thoughts about the future and impact of the field, his advice to young scholars, and his legacy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/dec0000231/) Dual-systems and fuzzy-trace theory predictions of COVID-19 risk taking in young adults.
Aug 29th 2024, 12:19

Decision, Vol 11(3), Jul 2024, 355-382; doi:10.1037/dec0000231
Risk-reduction behaviors are the first line of defense in viral epidemics. Choosing to not engage in risk-reduction behaviors produced millions of preventable deaths from COVID-19. Understanding why this happens and how to predict it is important for theory development and public policy. We took four approaches to this problem: experimentally varying theory-driven predictors (social rewards, transmission risk, and mandatory/voluntary regulations) in choice scenarios, further probing choices in specific scenarios predicted to elicit risk taking, conducting hierarchical regressions with demographic and theory-driven predictors for both scenario types, and conducting corresponding regressions for self-reported protective behaviors. The sample consisted of 247 young adults to test highly publicized predictions about how the virus would spread and who would take risks. Results showed that risky choices for scenarios correlated with self-reported behavior and varied with transmission risk and whether regulations were mandatory. Experimentally varying social reward did not elicit greater risk taking as expected by dual-systems theory but risk taking in specific social scenarios was predicted by individual differences in sensation seeking as predicted by dual-systems theory. Sensation seeking predicted social distancing and impulsivity predicted mask wearing. Fuzzy-trace theory’s predictors of categorical thinking about risk and endorsement of simple gist principles of social responsibility (to not hurt other people) consistently predicted choices and behaviors, accounting for significant variance beyond dual-systems predictors. Both controlled experiments and real-world self-reported behaviors converged on similar conclusions, identifying a major gap in influential theories (the omission of gist-based thinking) and challenging pessimistic predictions about motivations and mandates in public health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/dec0000225/) Reward segmentation during feedback improves gambling task performance.
Aug 29th 2024, 12:19

Decision, Vol 11(3), Jul 2024, 383-403; doi:10.1037/dec0000225
Past research on reward-based decision making documents deviations from optimal behavior that suggest insufficient sensitivity to rare outcomes. This insensitivity to rare events has often led to suboptimal performance in gambling tasks. Participants tend to select options that provide frequent rewards, even though these same options sometimes give large-magnitude losses. In this study, we tested an experimental manipulation designed to enhance attention to the magnitude of choice outcomes, where outcomes were presented in segments of 100 points rather than all at once. Performance in the segmented condition was compared to performance in the original condition, where reward amounts were not segmented. Participants in the segmented condition performed better than participants in the original condition in both a standard gambling task, involving both gains and losses, and a gains-only task where no losses were given. A third experiment indicated that the increase in instrumental responses, or button presses, for reward outcomes, was a critical factor that led to better performance in the reward segmentation conditions. We propose that the reward segmentation manipulation caused trials with rare, large-magnitude rewards to be perceived as additional trials associated with the rare option, which eliminated participants’ underweighting of rare events, leading to better performance. These results suggest that segmenting the presentation of rewards is a potential way in which decision-making behavior can be improved, particularly in cases where some outcomes are rare. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/dec0000229/) Trusting an algorithm can be a tricky and sticky thing.
Aug 29th 2024, 12:19

Decision, Vol 11(3), Jul 2024, 404-419; doi:10.1037/dec0000229
What information guides individuals to trust an algorithm? We examine this question across four experiments that consistently found explanations and relative performance information increased ratings of trust in an algorithm relative to a human expert. When participants learn of the algorithm’s shortcomings, we find that trust can be broken but, importantly, restored. Strikingly, despite these increases and restorations of trust, few individuals changed their overall preferred agent for each commonplace task (e.g., driving a car), suggesting a conceptual ceiling to the extent to which people will trust algorithmic decision aids. Thus, initial preferences for an algorithm were “sticky” and largely resistant, despite large numeric shifts in trust ratings. We discuss theoretical and practical implications of this work for researching trust in algorithms and identify important contributions to understanding when information can improve people’s willingness to trust decision aid algorithms. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/cfp0000224/) Relationship “jet lag” in long-distance and geographically close relationships: The impact of relationship transitions on emotional functioning.
Aug 29th 2024, 12:19

Couple and Family Psychology: Research and Practice, Vol 13(3), Sep 2024, 157-171; doi:10.1037/cfp0000224
Individuals in romantic relationships must be able to transition between phases in which they are operating as a couple and others when they are operating as individuals. Individuals who struggle to make the mental “set shift” into their current phase may experience disrupted functioning. Importantly, some may be more vulnerable to set shifting challenges; for instance, relationship proximity (long-distance relationships [LDRs] vs. geographically close relationships [GCRs]), relationship satisfaction, and an individual’s preference for a particular phase may influence set shifting abilities. The current investigation sought to understand factors which predict challenges in couples’ set shifting and how set shifting impacts subsequent emotional functioning. This study surveyed LDR (n = 29) and GCR (n = 30) couples at distinct timepoints: shortly after transitioning into a (a) reunion phase (i.e., physically together) and (b) separation phase (i.e., physically apart). Results found that individuals in LDRs relative to those in GCRs reported greater difficulties set shifting into separation, and these difficulties were associated with greater negative affect postseparation. Those more relationally satisfied reported fewer difficulties set shifting into reunion and subsequently experienced lower negative affect after reuniting. Moreover, one’s preferred state was associated with set shifting into each phase and subsequent negative affect. In total, these findings serve as an early step to highlight predictors of challenges across transition between being together as a couple versus being separated. Further research in these areas can provide deeper understanding of how partners make these mental shifts and be most functional when apart and reunited. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/cfp0000235/) Couple relationship standards in Thailand.
Aug 29th 2024, 12:19

Couple and Family Psychology: Research and Practice, Vol 13(3), Sep 2024, 172-187; doi:10.1037/cfp0000235
Relationship standards are beliefs about what makes for a satisfying couple relationship. Standards vary substantially cross-culturally. The present study was the first assessment of relationship standards in Thailand, which is a unique synthesis of Chinese, Indian, and Buddhist influences. We assessed the standards of 300 Thai residents, and compared them with 354 Pakistani residents, 190 Westerners resident in the United States or Australia, and 285 residents of China. Thais endorsed almost all standards as of high importance. We found mainly cross-culturally consistency in Couple Bond standards (e.g., expression of love and intimacy); but large cultural differences in Family Responsibility standards (e.g., relations with extended family) and Religion standards (e.g., following religious practices as a couple), with Thais (and Pakistanis) endorsing these latter two standards more strongly than Westerners or Chinese. Couple therapy with Thai couples, and with culturally diverse couples in Western countries, likely needs to address culturally influenced relationship standards around Family Responsibility and Religion. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/cfp0000234/) A communal coping intervention for couples managing chronic illness: Proof-of-concept study.
Aug 29th 2024, 12:18

Couple and Family Psychology: Research and Practice, Vol 13(3), Sep 2024, 188-201; doi:10.1037/cfp0000234
Communal coping is an interpersonal coping strategy defined as the appraisal of a problem as shared and collaboration to manage it. Despite evidence establishing links of communal coping to health, few interventions have involved communal coping. This study seeks to establish proof of concept that an intervention rooted in communal coping theory can impact couple members’ communal coping and intermediary outcomes. Couples (n = 40) in which one person has Type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to intervention versus control in a parallel randomized trial with 1:1 allocation. The intervention consisted of a single session focused on discussion of shared stressors, communal coping education, and collaborative implementation intentions followed by 7 days of text message reinforcement. Couples were interviewed in-person, received the intervention or active control, and completed seven daily questionnaires. Communal coping and intermediary outcomes associated with communal coping were assessed daily. Feasibility and acceptability were also assessed. The intervention increased reports of both patient and partner shared appraisal and collaboration and also impacted some intermediary outcomes of communal coping. Compared to control, intervention participants reported greater perceived partner responsiveness, patient support receipt, and partner confidence in patient illness self-efficacy. This study provides initial proof of concept that an intervention based on communal coping theory can increase couples’ communal coping—both shared appraisal and collaboration. Additionally, the intervention was able to impact some intermediary outcomes that may be linked to downstream health outcomes for both patients and partners. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/cfp0000237/) Couples’ dyadic coping in the context of child-related stressors: A systematic review across three decades.
Aug 29th 2024, 12:18

Couple and Family Psychology: Research and Practice, Vol 13(3), Sep 2024, 202-223; doi:10.1037/cfp0000237
The relevance of dyadic coping (DC), a concept how couples cope with stressors together, has been established in different contexts (e.g., daily hassles, mental and physical health) and is related to different outcomes such as relationship satisfaction, relationship quality and stability, psychological well-being, and child behavior. The current systematic review aims at providing an integration of the field of research on couple’s DC with child-related stressors which are understood as demands that arise for couples due to becoming or being parents. DC and related search terms were used for the literature search in PsycINFO, Psyndex, and Medline. We included 55 publications (reporting empirical data on 6,779 couples in total) including quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods studies published between 1990 and 2020. We applied a narrative synthesis approach organizing the results around six identified areas of child-related stressors: pregnancy and transition to parenthood, parenting, child mental health, child disability, child chronic physical illness, and child death. Overall, results show the importance of DC for both individual and relationship functioning in the context of child-related stress. Surprisingly, effects of parental DC on child outcomes remained understudied, although the existing studies yield promising results for child adjustment. In conclusion, adapting a “we”-perspective, mutual understanding and support is of importance not only to overcome the stressor but also to grow together as a couple. As DC plays a significant role for couples to cope in a resilient way when facing child-related stressors it should be more promoted in couple- and family counseling and therapy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/cpb0000273/) Has empathy really become more important to leadership since the COVID-19 pandemic?
Aug 29th 2024, 12:18

Consulting Psychology Journal, Vol 76(2), Jun 2024, 113-136; doi:10.1037/cpb0000273
This article provides an empirical examination of the popular belief that empathy has become more important to leadership since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Three research questions were addressed using data for over 5,000 U.S.-based managers and executives in for-profit businesses rated between January 2019 and September 30, 2022. The questions concerned changes since 2019 in the prevalence of observed empathetic behavior, including the possibility of leaders demonstrating too much empathy, and the effects of leader empathy on leader effectiveness, employee engagement, and team and business-unit productivity. The results were consistent with claims that empathy has become more important, particularly in terms of a stronger relationship with employee engagement since the onset of the pandemic. The costs of too much empathy in terms of reduced engagement were also less severe since the pandemic. The relationship between leader empathy and productivity also changed: Less empathetic leaders drove productivity higher in the prepandemic sample but have undermined productivity since the 1st year of the pandemic. Also since that 1st year, leaders who were excessively empathetic undermined productivity as well and to a greater degree than leaders who lacked empathy. The pattern of results points to an increasingly difficult balancing act for empathetic leaders in optimizing both organizational culture and business results. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/cpb0000274/) Using artificial intelligence in consulting psychology.
Aug 29th 2024, 12:18

Consulting Psychology Journal, Vol 76(2), Jun 2024, 137-162; doi:10.1037/cpb0000274
The presence of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning in consulting psychology is accelerating. Although consulting psychologists are beginning to understand that AI’s disruptive potential is significant, many still have a limited knowledge of its concepts, uses, and challenges. However, practitioners will increasingly encounter AI in many domains where they work and possibly compete with it. We present an overview of AI technology and discuss its growing use in the practice domains of consulting psychology. The fundamental elements of the so-called AI “black box” are discussed, including the basics of how AI algorithms are designed to function and learn. Given this understanding, we next discuss how AI is emerging as a technology impacting organizations, teams, and individuals specific to applications relevant to consulting practice. Within this context, we consider the roles that consulting psychologists can play in helping organizations implement effective, responsible, and ethical AI. The article concludes with a discussion of suggestions for AI’s responsible and ethical use in consulting psychology. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/cpb0000257/) Remote work: More nuance and unknowns than broad generalizations.
Aug 29th 2024, 12:18

Consulting Psychology Journal, Vol 76(2), Jun 2024, 163-183; doi:10.1037/cpb0000257
Drawing on the existing integrative evidence (e.g., reviews, meta-analyses, theory articles) from 2016 to 2022, the current review synthesizes the remote work literature and identifies conclusions that can be drawn based on the current evidence. The review spans three remote work clusters: telecommuting, computer-mediated work, and virtual teams. Four major conclusions were identified: (a) remote work tends to be cost-effective for the organization, but the cost-effectiveness can vary based on context; (b) remote work comes with trade-offs for most employees, and not all employees will thrive in remote work settings; (c) degree of virtuality is likely an important moderator, regardless of the outcomes of interest; and (d) there is a lot we do not know about what leads to effective remote work or how to ensure a sufficient likelihood of effectiveness. Sources of current unknowns in the literature are reviewed (e.g., understudied constructs, the absolute importance of key factors), and recommendations for future research and practice are provided. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/cpb0000252/) Leadership feedback reduction: Are high flyers flying in the dark?
Aug 29th 2024, 12:18

Consulting Psychology Journal, Vol 76(2), Jun 2024, 184-196; doi:10.1037/cpb0000252
This study examined the narrative feedback that leaders received as part of a multisource feedback assessment. Findings indicated that leaders who were rated as highly effective were more likely to experience feedback reduction than their low- to average-effectiveness peers. This effect was found among ratings provided by supervisors, peers, and direct reports. Implications and recommendations are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/open-access-journal-articles/the-role-of-maternal-and-child-healthcare-providers-in-identifying-and-supporting-perinatal-mental-health-disorders/) The role of maternal and child healthcare providers in identifying and supporting perinatal mental health disorders
Aug 29th 2024, 11:41

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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/fsh0000899/) Brief behavioral intervention for chronic pain in integrated primary care: What are we waiting for?
Aug 29th 2024, 11:22

Families, Systems, & Health, Vol 42(2), Jun 2024, 151-156; doi:10.1037/fsh0000899
Despite high rates of pain-related concerns among primary care patients and associated increases in health care costs (Gore et al., 2012; Mills et al., 2016), psychological or behavioral treatments that are well suited for use in integrated primary care (IPC) settings remain sparsely implemented. Psychological treatment for chronic pain has been recommended for many years (Darnall, 2021; Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Advancing Pain Research, Care and Education, 2011; Kligler et al., 2018), and the emphasis on the application of nonpharmacological treatment has intensified following concerns about opioid safety. There is abundant empirical support for the use of psychological treatment for chronic pain, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in specialty settings (Williams et al., 2021). The evidence to support the use of “brief treatments” in IPC is in a comparatively early stage. The limited state of the research might suggest that brief behavioral intervention for chronic pain is years away from being ready for translation to everyday clinical practice. But why wait? We therefore conducted a focused narrative review of peer-reviewed research on brief psychotherapy for chronic pain in adults that could be feasibly employed in IPC settings through more widely adopted models, such as primary care behavioral health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)
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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/grey-literature/fall-semester-a-time-for-parents-to-discuss-the-risks-of-college-drinking/) Fall Semester—A Time for Parents To Discuss the Risks of College Drinking
Aug 29th 2024, 10:52

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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/podcasts/christina-andrews-on-states-role-in-substance-use-disorder-treatment-via-medicaid/) Christina Andrews on States’ Role in Substance Use Disorder Treatment via Medicaid
Aug 29th 2024, 10:27

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(https://ifp.nyu.edu/2024/journal-article-abstracts/s10734-023-01146-1/) Feedback seeking and student reflective feedback literacy: a sociocultural discourse analysis
Aug 29th 2024, 10:23

Abstract
A significant and somewhat under-exploited aspect of feedback literacy research lies in students’ feedback-seeking behaviors. This research charts progress in oral feedback seeking by means of a three-year longitudinal inquiry focused on the feedback literacy development of an undergraduate co-author. The study is framed through sociocultural learning theories and the notion of feedback encounters to illustrate how social and relational feedback interactions encourage meaning-making and feedback uptake. Data comprise the student’s reflective journal of feedback experiences; regular documented interactions between the two co-researchers; digitally recorded and transcribed feedback encounters over four consecutive semesters; and teacher feedback on completed assignments. Sociocultural discourse analysis is deployed to uncover how the student and her teachers used talk to co-construct shared thinking about assignment work-in-progress. Features of the selected feedback encounters include interthinking and the interweaving of cumulative and exploratory talk. Reflecting on feedback-seeking experiences over time stimulated student feedback literacy development through progress in preparing for, participating in, following up, and working with emotions in feedback encounters. Originality and significance lie in drawing conceptual linkages between feedback seeking, reflection, and the development of student feedback literacy and in exemplifying innovative ways of conducting feedback research on the student experience of feedback. We introduce the concept of student reflective feedback literacy to represent considered analysis of feedback evidence and experiences informing ongoing efforts to seek, make sense of, and use feedback. Incorporating within the curriculum sustained opportunities for student reflections about feedback carries the potential to develop student feedback literacy and merits further investigation.
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Forwarded by:
Michael Reeder LCPC
Baltimore, MD

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